Transactional leadership requires specific rules or regulations be followed to complete stated objectives. The importance of leadership in the nursing context is definitely indisputable. Nursing leaders, at all levels of the organization, convey a strong. In ebonyi state in nigeria, there was a transition from traditional trait theory to transformational theory of leadership in 2003 and each period experienced different results affecting all areas of nursing in the state. Transactional leadership organization and administration. Jan 20, 2017 leadership has long been a feature of educational, business, industry, military and medical or health service debate.
This type of leader is responsible for maintaining routine by. Pdf transformational leadership in nursing practice. Simply put, transactional leadership theory believes that leaders should conform to the existing structure of an organization. Nursing leadership laura edwards submitted to jeanne morrison phd, msn in partial fulfillment of nr622 advanced leadership concepts regis university october 15, 2011 nursing leadership nursing leaders are crucial to any nursing organization. In addition, laissezfaire leadership was negatively related to nursing unit organization culture 18.
Imjm volume 17 special issue no 2 transformational and. More specifically, transformational leadership, which refers to a leaders ability to influence others towards attaining common goals, 1 was reported to increase job satisfaction among nursing staff. Nursing education in nigeria are progressive and involve different leadership approaches in different parts of the country. In other words, the leader goes above and beyond daily operations, motivates staff, and sets goals for the workplace. They motivate, empower, influence, and communicate the organizations vision to create change within the organization. The role of transformational and transactional leadership in creating, sharing and exploiting organizational knowledge scott e. Transactional leadership essay example graduateway. As such, this study intends to elicit attributes and practices of nursing academic leaders transformational and transactional leadership styles. Leadership can be a vexed and convoluted concept and it is commonly seen as linked to theories of management and associated with elevated hierarchical positions and power. Transactional leadership focuses on results, conforms to the existing structure of an organization and measures success according to that organizations system of rewards and penalties.
Leadership style of nurse managers as perceived by registered. Initially introduced by leadership expert and presidential biographer james macgregor burns, transformational leadership can be seen when leaders and followers help each other to advance to a higher level of morale and motivation. Difference between transactional and transformational leadership. Pdf transformational vs transactional leadership with. Leadership theories and styles clinical leadership in. Transactional leadership in nursing 1 words bartleby. There are various styles of leadership that nurse managers have demonstrated to lead staff nurses in hospital, but before the introduction of transformational leadership style, the transactional leadership style was perceived by most nurses managers as the most effective style in health care organizations. Transactional leadership is a leadership style that values structure and order within each relationship. Essay on transactional leadership in nursing 1143 words. The power of transactional leaders comes from their formal authority and responsibility in the organization. Jul 18, 2012 transactional leadership is a technique of leading an organization where, through routine transactions such as rewards and punishments, tasks get accomplished. They motivate, empower, influence, and communicate the organizations vision to create change within.
Transactional leadership versus transformational leadership. Apr 29, 2020 transactional leadership, also known as managerial leadership, focuses on the role of supervision, organization, and group performance. Transactional and transformational leadership as the. This is because leadership is a major factor which contributes immensely to the general wellbeing of organisations and nations. It focuses on results, on measuring success based on existing rewards and penalties, and maintaining formal authority positions. Transactional leadership depends on contingent reinforcement, either positive contingent reward cr or the more negative active or passive forms of managementbyexception mbea or mbep.
Pdf transformational vs transactional leadership with examples. Importance of leadership style towards quality of care. Most leaders profiles include both transactional and transformational leadership. Transformational leadership in nursing practice article pdf available in british journal of nursing mark allen publishing 2120. The role of transformational and transactional leadership. The goal is often on improving not only the organization but the world. The main goal of the follower is to obey the instructions of the leader. A leader who employs a transactional leadership style believes in granting rewards based on employee performance. As concerns my view i believe that transactional leadership can be potentially applicable and effective only in certain organizational situations. Leadership has long been a feature of educational, business, industry, military and medical or health service debate. On the other hand, transformational leadership is a type of leadership which becomes a reason for the transformation change in the subordinates. Characteristics of transactional leaders career trend. The style is just as the title suggests the leader seeks to transform a workplace to promote success.
Transactional leadership, on the other hand, emphasizes individual performance, instead of group performance and looks at how well that person does in a structured environment. Moreover, the specific barriers to change in the identified surgical unit setting will be identified in this essay. Transactional leadership is based on the concept that the leader provides incentives when workers do what is required. Analysis, also, showed that commitment is significantly associated with the nurses nationality by region.
Nurses tended to be more satisfied with the transformational leadership than transactional leadership style. Nov 25, 2014 transactional leadership focuses on results, conforms to the existing structure of an organization and measures success according to that organizations system of rewards and penalties. Jan 05, 2018 charismatic leadership is all about using personality to influence a group or an organization. Advantages and barriers to transformational leadership. As the largest group of healthcare professionals in direct contact with patients, nurses are well positioned to contribute to improvements in healthcare services and to the development of new policies. Difference between transactional and transformational.
There are many identified styles of leadership, and servant leadership is one that has grown in popularity in the last few years. Healthcare is a complex area with significant potential for service improvement despite the effects of increasing economic and social pressures on the quality and safety of patient care. The effect of transformational leadership on performance was nurses identified positively. Transactional leadership model is likely to succeed in a crisis or in projects that require linear and specific processes.
Transactional leadership definition, types, characteristics. Association with attitudes toward evidencebased practice. Transactional leadership, also known as managerial leadership, is a leadership style where the executive relies on rewards and punishments to achieve optimal job performance from his or her subordinates. Relationship between leadership styles of nurese managers and. Apr 04, 2016 transactional leadership occurs when the leader rewards the team member, depending on the adequacy of the team members performance. The strong relationship between nursing academic leadership styles and nurse educators job satisfaction suggested that the academic nursing. The effect of transformational leadership on nurses per. A study conducted by howell and avolio 1993 suggest that positive unit performance was a result of other leadership styles not associated with transactional leadership. Thus, the latter works by influencing change and providing a sense of direction cook, 2001. Knowledgeable, strong, risktaking nurse leaders follow a wellarticulated, strategic, and visionary philosophy in the daytoday operations of nursing services. Leaders who implement this style focus on specific tasks and use rewards and punishments to motivate followers. It can effectively motivate team members to maximize productivity. The effect of transformational leadership on nurses per formance.
Impact of leadership styles on organizational performance. The forces of magnetism at the heart of transformational leadership are as follows. This is a commonly seen style of leadership that is mostly used by managers. In transactional leadership the leader acts as a manager of change, making. Transactional and transformational leadership styles are two very different methods of leadership in the nursing profession. In stable predictable environments, organizations tend to be strictly controlled and formalized. A number of leadership theories have been propounded by various management experts considering behaviour, traits, nature, etc. Nurses perception of managers leadership styles and. Leadership style of nurse managers as perceived by. In transactional leadership theory, subordinates and leaders enter a contract where. Hence, transactional leadership can be defined as the exchange of targets and rewards between the management and the employees ojokuku, et al.
This article comes with a handout for a journal club discussion. Leadership development in the nursing profession is important because it directly impacts the care that is delivered to clients. Many people have trouble understanding the difference between transactional and transaformational leadership. Leadership, transactional leadership, transformational leadership, charismatic leadership.
Finding of regression test shows that transformational leadership has positive effect on nurses performance. Connecting nursing leadership and patient outcomes. Relationship between leadership styles of nurese managers. Leadership theory in clinical practice sciencedirect. As the name suggests, this is a purely professional, give. Apr 19, 2018 here are some of the key advantages and disadvantages of transactional leadership to consider.
Leaders in scientific laboratories who apply these findings and implement more effective leadership may impact social change through increased subordinate job satisfaction and performance, thereby enhancing organizational survivability and improving the status quo. Transformational and transactional leadership styles in enhancing. On the other hand, transactional leadership, which is described as the opposite of transformational leadership. Two other leadership styles often used in nursing practice are situational leadership and autocratic leadership. Transformational leadership was found to positively relate with effective nursing unit organization culture, while transactional leadership had a weak relationship. As nursing education gets more complex, leadership styles employed in these nursing training institutions played a crucial role in achieving nurse educators job satisfaction. This essay will compare and contrast these two styles and support that transformational leadership style inspires quality care, job.
Transactional leadership was conceptualised first by max weber in the year 1947 and later taken on by bernard boss in the year 1981. The conditions which favour the emergence of transactional leadership are characterized by stability. According to a transactional leader, human relations are nothing but a chain of transactions. There has been great interest in the contrast between transactional and transformational leadership following the work of burns 1978. The relationship that exists between leader and employee is a transactional one.
Mar 30, 2020 transformational leaders are leaders who employ a distinct management style. Transactional leadership explained with disadvantages. Transactional leadership is a technique of leading an organization where, through routine transactions such as rewards and punishments, tasks get accomplished. As the name suggests, this is a purely professional, give and take kind of a relationship. Typically, transactional leaders stick by the status quo and are not as open to a flow of creativity and innovation. Transformational leadership in nursing what we know nursing leadership is a broad term that is commonly used to describe an individuals ability to define a vision within a specific competency. Reflective essay on nursing leadership smart writer.
It is the most common type of leadership style used in large corporate environments, international agreements, and military operations. Visionary nursing leaders are necessary to promote the future of the nursing profession5,7,9. When employees perform as desired, they get rewarded. People stay employed because there is a reward in doing so that they find to be valuable.
Interestingly, nursing leadership is distinguished from the general definition of leadership. To identify the effect of transformational leadership on nurses performance at clinical setting. Good leadership in nursing is likely to draw on different theories according to the task at hand, the teams needs and the local circumstances. Transactional leadership theory meaning, its assumptions. The roots of this leadership style are reward, penalty, economic exchange, emotional and corporeal exchanges and other such transactions. Transactional leadership organization and administration in. List of the advantages of transactional leadership 1. Data from the interview were summarized in answering nurse educators job satisfaction and perceived leadership styles and practices of nursing.
Transactional leadership is a behavioural model where leaders ensure that work is completed through either. Impact of transactional and laissez faire leadership style. Mar 06, 2019 leadership is a trait of influencing the behavior of individuals, in order to fulfill organizational objectives. In the 1970s, robert greenleaf created this term to describe leaders who influence and motivate others by building relationships and developing. In this style, the leader works with the subordinates to ascertain the desired change in the organization. The study by longe 2014 revealed that transactional leadership style has a positive impact on the organizational performance. Transactional leadership involves motivating and directing followers primarily through appealing to their own selfinterest. Transformational leadership our nurses are leading at all levels. The nurse manager of the surgical unit assumes a leadership role in this. Transformational leaders are leaders who employ a distinct management style.
Jul 17, 2017 good leadership in nursing is likely to draw on different theories according to the task at hand, the teams needs and the local circumstances. Transactional and transformational leadership as the quality. Transactional leadership emphasizes results, stay within the existing structure of an organization and measures success according to that organizations system of rewards and penalties. Transformational and transactional leadership styles focus on the relationship between leaders and employees and in return influence the level of success of an organization. Transactional leadership vision of transactional leadership is based on transactions between leader and followers. What is transactional leadership and why it matters. Transactional leaders have formal authority and positions of responsibility in an organization. It is entirely based on transactions conducted between the nurse leader and subordinate staff members because it is grounded on the theory that workers are motivated by rewards and. Descriptive, correlation and regression analysis on spss shows significant findings for this study. In order for transactional leadership to work, it depends on selfmotivated individuals to do their jobs as instructed in a very directed. Transactional leadership focuses on providing daytoday care, while transformational leadership is more focused on the processes that motivate followers to perform to their full potential. Transactional leadership, also known as managerial leadership, focuses on the role of supervision, organization, and group performance.